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"Man-made" Water has different Chemistry
 Durham,
NC -- As population growth, food production and the regional
effects of climate change place greater stress on the
Earth’s natural water supply, “man-made” water – created by
removing salt from seawater and brackish groundwater through
reverse osmosis desalination – will become an increasingly
important resource for millions of humans, especially those
in arid regions such as the Middle East, the western United
States, northern Africa and central Asia.
But the introduction of this
life-giving water will bring changes to the environment.
“Water that’s been desalted
through reverse osmosis contains a unique composition which
will induce changes in the chemistry and ecology of aquifers
and natural water systems it enters,” says Avner Vengosh,
associate professor of earth and ocean sciences at Duke
University’s Nicholas School of the Environment.
A new study by Vengosh and
colleagues in France and Israel provides tools to identify
and trace this man-made water as it mixes with natural water
supplies and, over time, replaces natural waters in areas
entirely dependent on desalination.
The study, published this month
in the peer-reviewed journal Environmental Science and
Technology, details for the first time the isotope
geochemistry – or chemical fingerprints – of the elements
boron, lithium, strontium, oxygen and hydrogen found in
reverse osmosis-desalted seawater and brackish groundwater.
Identifying these unique
geochemical and isotopic fingerprints gives scientists and
water-quality managers a new array of tools for tracing the
presence and distribution of man-made fresh water in a
region’s soils, surface waters and ground waters, Vengosh
says.
“We studied the chemistry of
water produced in several of the largest desalination plants
on earth and found that that composition of the desalted
water is totally different from those of natural waters,” he
explains. “As this water leaks into the environment through
poor infrastructure or enters it directly through
irrigation, it will be possible to use our new tracers to
track the water back to its origin
“It’s sort of like a detective
who collects fingerprints at the scene of the crime and
matches them to the guilty suspect,” he says.
Being able to trace water back to
a desalinated source through its isotopic and geochemical
fingerprints will allow local governments and water
utilities to zero in on the problem of valuable water loss
and correct it more quickly and efficiently. Moreover,
because desalted wastewater can be recycled through the
environment and reused as a drinking water source – a
process already being used in southern California – the new
tools would enable water authorities to trace the relative
contribution of desalted water in their system, and to test
the effectiveness of their water treatment processes.
“This will be especially
beneficial in water-scarce regions like California or the
Middle East, where natural water sources are diminishing and
made-made waters are becoming the ultimate water sources,”
Vengosh says. “Given the complexity and variety of man-made
fresh water sources being used to replace natural recharge
in these regions, traditional tests alone, such as testing
for water salinity, cannot provide a single solution.”
Global capacities for producing
freshwater through desalination are projected to double by
the year 2015, he notes. In some regions, diminished natural
water supplies already are problematic. In California, which
is experiencing one of its worst droughts in decades, new
housing and other development is being slowed or stopped
under a state law that requires a 20-year water supply as a
condition for approval before building can begin. Increased
use of freshwater produced through desalination could help
resolve this issue, Vengosh says.
Vengosh is a geochemist who is
internationally cited for his expertise on the chemical and
isotopic composition of water contaminants. His research has
led to the development of new, more accurate methods for
tracing contaminants in water supplies worldwide, from
boron-laden surface and ground waters in the Middle East to
radon-contaminated groundwater in the mountains of western
North Carolina.
He co-authored the new study with
Wolfram Kloppmann, Catherine Guerrot and Romain Millot of
the Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres of France,
and Irena Pankratov of the National Water Commission of
Israel.
Source:
http://www.duke.edu/
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This
newsletter is sponsored by:
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Mike Leonard Assumes Presidency
of AWWA
 Atlanta,
GA -- Mike Leonard, water operations manager for the City of
Roswell, Georgia, assumed the presidency of the American
Water Works Association (AWWA) on Wednesday night. His
one-year term as president of AWWA, the world’s largest and
oldest water organization, began at a Gavel Passing Ceremony
held during AWWA’s Annual Convention and Exposition (ACE08).
“As water professionals and
citizens of the planet, we have an obligation to be the very
best stewards we can be of our water resources, our systems,
and our public health,” said Leonard, who has served as a
member of the Board of Directors of the Georgia Section of
AWWA, and has been an AWWA member since 1974. “I thank you
all so much for having the opportunity to serve as your
president as we take on these challenges together.”
Leonard has devoted his career to
safe water and has been honored with multiple awards,
including the AWWA George Warren Fuller Award (2001) and
Diamond Pin (2002), as well as three bronze medals and
several special achievement awards from the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). He has served with
distinction as general manager and chief administrative
officer for the Atlanta-Fulton County Water Resources
Commission, chief of the drinking water section at USEPA,
and client technical services manager at Brown and Caldwell.
Leonard succeeds Nilaksh Kothari,
general manager of public utilities for Manitowoc,
Wisconsin, as AWWA president. The new president-elect is
Craig Woolard, treatment division director of the Anchorage
(Alaska) Water and Wastewater Utility.
“Mike is going to be a superb
leader for AWWA,” Kothari said. “Over the past year I’ve had
the opportunity to work closely with him and get to know him
better as both a colleague and a friend. His depth of
experience in the water community – from utilities to EPA to
the consulting world – makes him the right man for the job
at just the right moment.”
Source:
http://www.awwa.org/
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Free : "Effective Utility
Management Practices" Tool
 Alexandria,
VA -- Six associations representing the U.S. water and
wastewater sector, in collaboration with the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have released a
series of tools designed to help water and wastewater
utilities advance effective management practices to achieve
long-term sustainability. The tools are based on the 10
Attributes of Effectively Managed Utilities and five Keys to
Management Success first identified in a report released by
the group in May 2007.
Since
the release of the Findings and Recommendations for a Water
Utility Sector Management Strategy report last year, the
Effective Utility Management Collaborating Associations –
the American Public Works Association (APWA), American Water
Works Association (AWWA), Association of Metropolitan Water
Agencies (AMWA), National Association of Clean Water
Agencies (NACWA), National Association of Water Companies
(NAWC), the Water Environment Federation (WEF) and EPA –
have been working together to develop tools aimed at helping
utilities assess their current operations and adopt best
management strategies for improvement.
“These
tools were developed by utility mangers for utility
managers,” said WEF Executive Director Bill Bertera. “The
Water Environment Federation is very gratified to have been
part of this important effort.” Of the collaboration between
the associations, EPA Assistant Administrator for Water, Ben
Grumbles commented that he considers it “to be one of the
Agency's most important accomplishments under our
Sustainable Water Infrastructure Initiative” and
“appreciates the water associations and utility advisors for
their continuing leadership”.
The
tools now available include the Effective Utility Management
Primer for Water and Wastewater Utilities that is designed
to help water and wastewater utility managers make
practical, systematic changes to achieve excellence in
utility performance. It was produced by water and wastewater
utility leaders who also developed a series of suggested
Utility Performance Measures focused on the Attributes to
help utilities establish a performance baseline and begin to
measure their progress. Finally, the group is releasing an
online Resource Toolbox that contains links to key resources
and tools. The new primer can be downloaded at no charge
from each of the associations’ Web sites or at
www.watereum.org.
“Effective management allows water utilities to successfully
address challenges on many fronts,” said AMWA Executive
Director Diane VanDe Hei. “The practical nature of these
tools recommends them to utility managers dealing with
issues ranging from water quality and resource adequacy to
infrastructure stability and financial viability.” AWWA
Executive Director Gary Zimmerman added that “water
professionals share a sense of duty to be both effective and
efficient” and believes that “these new tools will help them
excel at their work for the benefit of their customers”.
Recognizing the importance of knowledge-sharing to address
current and future challenges, APWA Executive Director Peter
B. King noted that the educational initiative was designed
to be a peer-to-peer effort that “will benefit public works
agencies nationwide”.
Download free "Effective Utility Management - Primer for
Water and Wastewater Utilities" here:
http://www.watereum.org/pdf/2008-06EUMprimer.pdf
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Wonderware : New
IndustryPack for Water & Wastewater
 LAKE
FOREST, CA -- Wonderware, a business unit of Invensys,
today announced the release of the Wonderware
IndustryPack for Water & Wastewater designed to enhance
overall productivity in facility operations for the
water and wastewater industry.
This is the first in a series of IndustryPacks to be
introduced by Wonderware that will focus on specific
vertical market segments. Wonderware is providing a
single unified software platform for integrating
real-time information with business critical
applications.
The Wonderware Water &
Wastewater IndustryPack, which will be available to
download for customer support members later this month,
is a pre-configured set of application templates and
graphics specifically built for use by water and
wastewater companies and municipalities. Pre-configured
content enables system engineers to minimize the overall
cost and complexities associated with creating and
managing water and wastewater systems. In addition, it
will address critical issues facing this industry such
as workforce attrition, regulatory requirements,
business factors, source water supply and aging
infrastructure.
Targeting municipal water and
wastewater operations as well as industrial water and
waste treatment, the Wonderware IndustryPack leverages
ArchestrA technology for greater productivity and ease
of use. The unified ArchestrA software architecture
simplifies the reporting and management functions
performed by operations personnel, enabling them to
build systems that are easy to replicate at multiple
industry sites.
“There are many companies
today that provide SCADA and HMI solutions for the water
and wastewater market, but the industry requires a
comprehensive solution for the more demanding
environment of today’s municipalities,” said Rob
McGreevy, director of the Wonderware industry marketing
group. “Wonderware offers a refreshing alternative to
traditional SCADA system solutions by adding industry
specific content and applications on top of the
Wonderware System Platform 3.0 software built on
ArchestrA technology. This technology enables the
integration of applications across all departments and
functions to create a comprehensive real-time operations
management environment built for the modern
municipality.”
For manufacturing
environments, synchronization of water treatment systems
with overall manufacturing operations provides greater
operations efficiency and regulatory compliance.
Wonderware software can integrate most any data source,
and transform raw data and events into meaningful
information that helps reduce operations costs,
identifies hidden inefficiencies and enables more
cost-effective operations. Extensive flexibility and
scalability enables users to expand operations or change
work processes as their operational requirements change.
“The ArchestrA architecture
is ideally suited for water and wastewater applications
by employing an easy-to-use, component-object-based
environment for developing standardized water and
wastewater operations management solutions,” said
Eduardo Ballina, industry manager for Wonderware SCADA
solutions. “This significantly improves productivity and
controls the overall cost of managing and deploying
solutions.”
More than 28,000 Wonderware
software licenses are in use at water and wastewater
sites around the world to manage plant operations.
Offering one-click software upgrades since 1990,
Wonderware ensures that water system operators can
continue to depend on the experience of a proven
software platform and personal support through a
worldwide network of local distributors and systems
integrators. This provides flexibility both in the way
solutions are built as well as in the ability to choose
how to implement and maintain systems.
For more information visit
http://www.wonderware.com/
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Featured Videos
Share
your videos with everyone - promote your plant, your
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| Help Forum :
Hot Messages from the Help Forum
People post their requests
for help and offer their suggestions to others in our open
forum.
Mr. Best needs help with
chlorination system:
I am trying to work out
dosing rates for a chlorination system to achieve a 'total
chlorine' level of 0.15 mg/l. Trouble is, I'm confused by
some of the terminology of 'free/residual chlorine',
'combined chlorine', 'combined available chlorine' and
'combined chlorine residual' applied to chloramine systems?
Basically, if I need to
achieve 0.15 mg/l 'total chlorine' for a chloramine system,
would this be the same as 0.15 mg/l for a free chlorine
system? IE, 0.15 mg/l free chlorine + 0.5 mg/l ammonia =
0.15 mg/l total chlorine? (assume a wt ratio of 3:1 for
ease)
Any help would be greatly
appreciated.
(Click
here to post a reply)
Thanks
David Best
Halcrow
bestda@halcrow.com
Mr. Chen wants to measure the
oxygen transfer rate:
I don't know how to test
oxygen transfer rate in real mixed liquor and what's the
purpose of test it? Is it important to evaluate the
status of diffused aerator?
(Click
here to post a reply)
Best regards
Jack Chen
BDC
activesludge@126.com
Help Forum:
Share your
expertise with others in our
Help
Forum. |
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| Water
and Wastewater Plant Directory - Featured Plant
 Swift
Current WWTP
Saskatchewan, Canada
The SCWWTP was opened in
March of 2006 and directly serves the community of
Swift Current, Saskatchewan. The plant treats an
average daily flow of 5-6 ML of municipal
wastewater. It is comprised of a headworks building
for screening and grit removal, two bioreactors, two
secondary clarifiers, and a...(Click
here to read more...)
Click here to visit
the
Water and Wastewater Plants Directory
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| From the Job
Fair: Field Engineer -
Northern California
Field Engineer to install
new, innovative wastewater systems in Northern California
region.
Part-time position for
wastewater engineer with a flexible schedule in Northern
California managing the installation, start-up and
maintenance of a new type of wastewater treatment equipment
at industrial food production plants.
Ideal candidate is an
experienced wastewater or food plant engineer who can work
with his/her hands, supervise others and problem-solve in
novel situations. Work is occasional for the next several
months evolving thereafter to part-time and possible
full-time as the company grows. Travel throughout Northern
California providing site survey, installation & support,
primarily to customers in the Sacramento to Merced corridor.
Employer is a start-up
company with innovative technology and undergoing continuing
development and you will be the first technical person.
Interesting technical challenges and opportunities.
Start date: July 2008. Please
send your resume, one line on your reason for being
interested and information on your schedule/availability.
Steve Sampson
Clarity Co.
162 Stadium Ave
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Email:
edelson@prodigy.net
The Job Fair:
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for companies who are looking to add talented people to
their staff.
Do you have a position
you need to fill? Visit the Job
Fair. |
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| About Us :
Water and Wastewater Newsletter
© 1999-2008 Water and Wastewater.com
Home page: http://www.waterandwastewater.com
Joseph Taylor, Editor
Water and Wastewater Newsletter
3948 South Third Street, No. 121
Jacksonville Beach, FL 32250
Phone: 904-280-4656
Fax: 904-273-1399
Email: jtaylor@waterandwastewater.com
Water and Wastewater
Newsletter is a 100% opt-in e-mail list of information for
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you have company news, a new product, new service or other
information you would like to share with our subscribers?
Please submit articles via e-mail, only to: news@waterandwastewater.com |
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::
"Man-made" Water has different
Chemistry
::
Mike Leonard Assumes Presidency
of AWWA
::
Free : "Effective Utility
Management
Practices" Tool
::
Wonderware : New IndustryPack
for
Water & Wastewater
:: The News Center : More headlines
:: The Water and Wastewater Blog
:: Video Center
:: Help Forum
::
Water and Wastewater Plant
Directory : Featured Plant
:: The Job Fair
:: Top Picks at Amazon.com
:: Ask Tom! Column!
:: 262,000+ visitors in May !
:: Call For Photographs!
:: Subscribe, Unsubscribe
:: Archive Information
:: About Us
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| Hi Everyone,
Reverse osmosis, new leadership
and software are in the news this week, ...read on!
With over 10,000+ subscribers
and over 250,000 visitors each month,
our goal is to provide information
to improve your business by using the resources available on the
Internet.
Thanks,
Joe Taylor, Editor
jtaylor@waterandwastewater.com
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| This
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Featured
Case History |
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Case Study : City of
Sanford, Florida
In order to meet the demand of growth within the
city and to achieve stringent effluent limits, the
City of Sanford worked with CPH Engineers to design
the Sanford South Water Resource Center (WRC),
located in the heart of Central Florida. The
facility produces a high quality effluent, as well
as reclaimed water, which is distributed throughout
the region. The plant is a 2.0 MGD “Advanced
Secondary plus Filtration Facility.” The plant is
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| Call For
Photographs
This weeks photo
is of ozone generators installed at the Wiggins Water Works
in Durban, South Africa. The plant has a design capacity for
treating 350Ml/day (92MGD). The three ozone generators (2
depicted) produce 30 kg/hour of ozone each are manufactured
by
Trailigaz and sold by Ozonic.
Photo courtesy
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